PHP操作MongoDB学习

Fri, 26 Oct 2012 03:21:05 +0000

1 mongodb启动时，设置启动项

C:\>mongodb\bin\mongod --config C:\mongodb.conf
其中mongodb.conf为：
dbpath = D:\mongodb_data
logpath = D:\mongodb.log
logappend = true
如果是linux的话，则mongod --config /etc/mongodb.conf

2 停止server
db.shutdownServer()

3 常用操作:
use myfirstdb
插入db
db.movies.insert({name:"Source Code", genre:"sci-fi", year:2011})
查找所有记录
db.movies.find()

4 . PHP MongoDB 扩展安装

php 5.2 mongo driver下载：

http://downloads.mongodb.org/mongo-latestphp5.2vc6ts. zip
5.3 mongo driver下载：
http://downloads.mongodb.org/mongo-latest-php5.3vc6ts.zip
把DLL复制到extension目录，然后
extension=php_mongo.dll即可

5 列出当前数据库的php mongodb程序

php 
try{ 
 $mongo = new Mongo(); //create a connection to MongoDB 
 $databases = $mongo->listDBs(); //List all databases 
 echo '
'; 
 print_r($databases); 
 $mongo->close(); 
} catch(MongoConnectionException $e) { 
 //handle connection error 
 die($e->getMessage()); 
} 
?> 

如果是连接时用不同的端口，构造函数中用：
$mongo = new Mongo($server="mongodb://localhost:8888");
也可以指定timeout的策略；

 try { 
 $mongo = new Mongo($options=array('timeout'=> 100)) 
} catch(MongoConnectionException $e) { 
 die("Failed to connect to database ".$e->getMessage()); 
} 

6 通过PHP保存对象到mongo db中

$connection = new Mongo(); 
$database   = $connection->selectDB('myblogsite'); 
$collection = $database->selectCollection('articles'); 
$article               = array(); 
$article['title']      = $_POST['title']; 
$article['content']    = $_POST['content']; 
$article['saved_at'] = new MongoDate(); 
            
$collection->insert($article); 

注意的是，默认不用显式create database即可，如果不存在则会自动
新建立database,也可以：

$connection = new Mongo(); 
$collection = $connection->myblogsite->articles; 
// mongodb的插入是异步的，如果不想异步，可以这样； 
try { 
 $status = $connection->insert(array('title' => 'Blog Title', 
 'content' => 'Blog Content'), 
 array('safe' => True)); 
 echo "Insert operation complete"; 
} catch (MongoCursorException $e) { 
 die("Insert failed ".$e->getMessage()); 
}

则必须等插入完成后才返回给用户，继续执行下一条语句
也可以指定timeout的策略：
$collection->insert($document, array('safe' => True,
'timeout' => True));

7 设置自己的自增id

$document = array('_id' => hash('sha1', $username.time()),
将设置id为username后加上当前时间再hash.

8 日期设置

$article['saved_at'] = new MongoDate(); 
$timestamp = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-21 12:00:00')); 
print date('g:i a, F j', $timestamp->sec); //prints 12 pm, May 21 

$lastweek = new MongoDate(strtotime('-1 week'));  //找出一个星期以来的记录 
$cursor = $articleCollection->find(array('saved_at' => 
array('$gt' => $lastweek)));

指定一定范围内的记录：

$start = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-01 00:00:00')); 
$end = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-31 23:59:59')); 
$articleCollection->find(array('saved_at'=> 
array('$gte' => $start, 
'$lte' => $end)));

9 列出某个表的所有记录

 $cursor = $collection->find(); 
 while ($cursor->hasNext()): 
 $article = $cursor->getNext(); ?> 
php echo $article['title']; ?>h2>

找某条记录：$article = $collection->findOne(array('_id'=>
new MongoId($id)));
查找时也可以传入多个参数：
$moviesCollection->find(array('genre' => 'comedy', 'year' => 2011));
if ($cursor->count() === 0) //如果找不到
如果查询多个条件：
$collection->find(array('x' => array('$gt' => 100)));
//$ is escaped within double quotes (")
$collection->find(array('x' => array("\$gt" => 100)));
注意要用单引号，如果要用双引号，则要加上转义符。

10 排序：
$cursor->sort(array('saved_at' => -1)) //按save_at字段降序排列，1为升序

11 skip和limit:

 $cursor = $articleCollection->find(); 
 //skip the first five articles in the cursor 
 $cursor->skip(5); 
 $cursor->limit(10);//结果集只取10条

12 更新数据库
$articleCollection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)), $article);
第一个参数为指定的条件（更新条件），第二个参数为要更新的对象
还有可选参数如下；
$collection->update($criteria, $newobj, array('safe' => True));
safe=true时，等到UPDATE结束才返回结果
mongodb还支持upsert的操作：如果存在则更新，如果不存在则插入
$users->update(array('email' => 'alice@wonderland.com'),
array('firstname' => 'Alice', 'lastname'=> 'Liddell'),
array('upsert' => True));

这里对email为alice@wonderland.com的记录进行更新其firstname,lastname字段的内容

13 修饰符
比如set,只修改记录的某个部分，可以这样：

 $articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')), array('$set' => array('title' => 'New Title')));

使用inc:

 $articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')), array('$set' => array('content' => 'New Content'), 
 '$inc' => array('update_count' => 1))
); 
// 将update_count+1

unset:

 $articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')), array('$unset' => array('title' => True))); 
 // 将title field从这个document中移除

更名rename:

$articles->update(array(), 
 array('$rename' => array('saved_at' => 'created_at')), 
 array('multiple' => True)
); 
//  将save_at更名为create_at

14 删除记录

$articleCollection->remove(array('_id' => new MongoId($id))); 
$movies->remove(array('genre' =>'drama'), array('justOne' => True));

如果加了justOne的参数，则只删除符合条件的一条记录而已，其他不删除

15 document的关系

1）嵌套

{
"_id" : ObjectId("4dd491695072aefc456c9aca"),
"username" : "alphareplicant",
"email" : "roybatty@androids.org",
"fullname" : "Roy Batty",
"joined_at" : ISODate("2011-05-19T03:41:29.703Z"),
"address" : {
"street" : "13 Tannhauser Gate",
"city" : "Caprica",
"state" : "CC",
"zipcode" : 512
},
}

2）引用

 { 
  _id : ObjectId("4dcd2abe5981aec801010000"), 
  title : "The only perfect site is hind-site", 
  content : "Loren ipsum dolor sit amet…", 
  saved_at : ISODate('2011-05-16T18:42:57.949Z'), 
  author_id : ObjectId("4dd491695072aefc456c9aca") 
}

3）比如一个一对多的关系：

比如一个文章下的评论：

 $comment = array( 
  'name' => $_POST['commenter_name'], 
  'email' => $_POST['commenter_email'], 
  'comment' => $_POST['comment'], 
  'posted_at' => new MongoDate() 
); 
$collection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)), array('$push' => array('comments' => $comments)));

使用的是$push的修饰符，一般来说，用内嵌的document效率比较高
或者：

$article = $articleCollection->findOne(array('_id' => new MongoId($id))); 
$comments = (isset($article['comments'])) ? $article['comments'] : array(); 
$comment = array( 
                    'name' => $_POST['commenter_name'], 
                    'email' => $_POST['commenter_email'], 
                    'comment' => $_POST['comment'], 
                    'posted_at' => new MongoDate() 
                ); 
                
array_push($comments, $comment); 
$articleCollection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)), array('$set' => array('comments' => $comments)));

使用.号来查询子嵌套文档

{ 
    name : "Gordon Freeman", 
  address : { 
    city : "Springfield", 
    state : "Florida" 
  } 
} 
 { 
  name : "Lara Croft", 
  address : { 
    city : "Miami", 
    state: "Florida" 
  } 
} 
// 则查询address中state为florida的document: 

 $users->find(array('address.city' => 'Springfield', 'address.state' => 'Florida'));

Tags - mango

[评论] PHP操作MongoDB学习

Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 +0000

BIWEB开源PHP WMS系统创始人ArthurXF肖飞的blog

PHP操作MongoDB学习

php echo $article['title']; ?>h2>

[评论] PHP操作MongoDB学习